The globalization It is a historical process of global integration in different areas, such as in the social, political, economic, without leaving aside the field cultural and one of the most important the technological field, which in the last century generated a connectivity never before witnessed by any other civilization previously.
In ancient times, each town had its market, its dialect and its customs, today thanks to different technological advances that small market has the possibility of expanding to the entire planet due to globalization, in this way eventually that market could directly influence the economic, political and cultural sphere of the peoples with whom it has relationship.
Advertisements
In this article you will find:
Where does globalization come from?
The globalization It is the result of the consolidation of capitalism worldwide, based on the main technological advances, as well as the need for the flow of goods worldwide. The advances in telecommunications and the internet that played a fundamental role in the consolidation of the global world can be highlighted.
Advertisements
With the end of the Second World War and the almost complete elimination of fascist regimes in Europe, the world was faced again, the differences between capitalism and socialism did not take long to become watch.
The Cold War
During the years in which this conflict developed, both blocs led by the Soviet Union and the capitalist led by the United States were trying to show that their economic and social system was better than opposite.
Advertisements
The socialist bloc industrialized the Eastern European countries, which were mostly agrarian. Regarding capitalism, welfare states appeared around the 1950s, which guaranteed the middle sectors and workers consumption, through wage increases, social security systems, and health insurance unemployment.
Emergence of the globalization concept
In the context of the cold war, capitalism had to show that it was also a system in which you could also live well. Things changed a lot when the Soviet Union fell, as the concept of globalization, referring to the unification of the world.
Advertisements
Capitalism ceased to have a visible competitor, in addition, between 1973 and 1976 there was a very important economic crisis that affected almost the whole world, since the countries that made up the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) increased the price of fuel and this affected the central economies, whose main energy for their factories was based on this fuel.
Advertisements
Emergence of neoliberal policies
Then some intellectuals and economists accused the welfare state of causing the crisis, for Therefore, they began to think of different economic alternatives, there they began to be implemented the neoliberal policies.
The end of the Soviet Union, the differences between capitalism and socialism, all this for some marked the end of an era, giving us the feeling that capitalism triumphed, in addition the circulation of capital and merchandise is not hindered with state regulations, this allowed free market capitalism to expand and the globalization of the economy to be the new reorganization strategy capitalist.
This idea of the end of history corresponds to a optimistic view of theglobalization, but there is also a pessimistic view of this process.
Optimistic idea of globalization
People who have a optimistic idea ofglobalization capitalist related to a world similar to a global village, where there are no inequalities or conflicts, in this global village new technologies, means of Communication and the free market economy help the planet to homogenize, furthermore for these intellectuals globalization is an inevitable fact because capitalism has triumphed.
Pessimistic idea of globalization
For those others who think so pessimistic aboutglobalization Capitalists say that the world is far from being homogeneous because, for example, some companies have more capital than the total received by some African countries.
Therein lies the focus, that optimistic way of conceiving globalization hides the inequalities between countries and domination of some over others, and this is what they defend precisely they have a pessimistic or critical vision about this idea of village global.
Characteristics of globalization
When talking about globalization, it is important to highlight certain characteristics:
Free trade
It refers to the development and implementation of trade agreements with specific characteristics that benefits the exchange of products, through incentives, such as a low tax rate between parts.
These incentives promote the purchase and sale of goods or services between the companies of the countries that make up these treaties, promoting the free competition and the development of new technologies, theories and methods, the expansion of markets and increases productivity and economy.
No society on the planet is capable of producing all the goods it consumes, hundreds of variables come into play as geographical differences, natural resources or skilled labor, among other aspects, this makes it easier for some countries to obtain some goods than others, free trade contributes to overcoming these limitations, and expanding access of more goods to people and thus cover their needs.
The free trade opens doors not only to the entry, but to the exit of more goods and services and can stimulate new economic initiatives, which translate into the creation of new wealth, more jobs, innovation and social progress.
Industrialization
We can say that globalization had a very important effect on the expansion of industrialization around the world, this is a process in which a society or country transforms or changes its system based on agriculture to one based on the production of goods and services.
Finance system
World capital markets are created and the financial system is internationalized, that is, each country before had its rules and its rules that governed its economy now they do it through a system global.
Connectivity and telecommunications
The rise of telecommunications and especially the predominance of the internet makes the flow of information immediate regardless of distances geographical areas, that is why economic transactions can be made easier and more regularly with other countries even if they are not close to one of the other.
Migratory movement
This is another of the characteristics of globalizationas it stands to reason that if markets and economies go global, people can also more easily mobilize to work or achieve the well-being that a certain region provides them since limitations such as language have been overcome to a greater degree than in the century past.
Social globalization
Social globalization focuses on equality, leaving aside all religious or cultural beliefs. A globalized world in this area means that all human beings are equal.
Economic globalization
The expansion of various economic activities generated an accelerated exchange of goods and goods worldwide, the economy was previously local, now it is global.
Cultural globalization
Cultural globalization has occurred thanks to the advancement of the media, the economy, tourism, among other factors. That have directly influenced the union and fusion of many customs. Its benefits include cultural exchange, better access to information and the dissemination of values.
Thank you for joining us in reading. Leave us your comment if you liked the post, for more similar content you can visit our website.
