Within psychology there are a wide variety of branches and specialties. Each and every one of them is vitally important to understand the world as we know it. However, through one or the other we can learn about certain concepts. In Psychology-Online we do not want to give you...
The organization is made up of people who try to achieve explicitly established common goals and for this they contribute efforts, skills, energy, and play different roles, depending on the structure of the organization itself and the formal and informal processes that take place in it....
Model proposed by Fiedler. Mitchell notes that contingency theories have dominated leadership thinking for the past 15 years. and they remain the main paradigm. In the following Psychology-Online article, we explain in detail what the contingency theory of...
In the following Psychology-Online article, we are going to try to define a series of complex concepts that we all use in many, many social and labor contexts: stereotype, prejudice and discrimination. Let's see below what is the definition of each of them and how we can differentiate them...
The pragmatic reasoning schemes. For this approach, proposed by Holyoak (1984), the goals and plans of the reasoner (pragmatic principle) they determine the analog transfer process, downplaying the syntactic aspects.
One of the most important and widespread ways to change attitudes is through communication. Not all persuasive messages succeed convince people. Psychosocial factors influence the lesser or greater effectiveness of a persuasive message.
Alderfer (1969, 1972) tries to reformulate Maslow's model by grouping the needs of individuals into 3 categories and tries to reformulate the hierarchical relationships between them.
Locke (1968) recognizes a motivational role central to the intentions of subjects when performing a task. They are the objectives or goals that Subjects pursue with the accomplishment of the task those that will determine the level of effort that they will use in its execution. The model tries to explain the effects...
The study of values is an increasingly popular approach to explaining human behavior. A value is a preference or priority, interest, like or dislike of a subject about an object, event or situation. The concept of value must be distinguished from that of attitude and that of necessity.
The theory of equity is based on the processes of social comparison and the motivating force of Festinger's cognitive dissonance. Theory which defends that motivation is essentially a process of social comparison in which effort and the results or rewards received are taken into account...
Social knowledge often involves going beyond the information available and requires forming impressions, making judgments or formulate inferences. "Inference": "Process that goes beyond the available information, trying to reach conclusions about some data...
Social influence occurs when a person's emotions, opinions, or behaviors are affected by others. Social influence takes many forms and can be seen in conformity, socialization, peer pressure, obedience, leadership, persuasion, sales, and marketing. On...
The organization selects people based on their worth to perform the various activities and roles that will allow the achievement of his objectives. Train these people to enhance and improve their abilities, skills and abilities so that they are more effective, and try to motivate them,...
The organization is made up of people who try to achieve explicitly established common goals and for this they contribute efforts, skills, energy, and play different roles, depending on the structure of the organization itself and the formal and informal processes that take place in it....
Definition of attraction: Basic human tendency that leads to seeking the company of other people. Primary function of attraction: Guarantee the survival of both the individual and the species. We have to detail a new definition to correctly locate the article the definition of attraction...
George Elton Mayo was a great psychologist and sociologist of the twentieth century, his theories and experiments contributed a more human vision to organizations and to work. Elton Mayo is known for his famous Hawthorne experiments, in them he discovered the important and decisive weight that human value has in...
For the organization to achieve its objectives, it is essential that the information reaches the appropriate centers in a timely manner. where the necessary decisions have to be made. The fundamental decisions of the manager are what to decide, who has to decide, how to decide and depending on...
Conflict is a frequent and familiar reality in organizations. The traditional approach started from the supposed negative character of the conflict, synonymous with violence, destruction, and irrationality and trying to avoid it at all costs. The current position defends that the conflict is not...
Some authors try to define the term stress through the enumeration of stressful environmental conditions pointing out concrete examples (Landy and Trumbo, 1976) or by introducing more general concepts (McGrath, 1976). Others use various non-colloquial language terms to define stress....
Studies on the perception of people were established as an independent area at the end of the 50s of the 20th century. In the previous decade stand out: Contribution of S. Asch: Shifts the focus of interest from the study of accuracy in the formation of impressions, to the study of the process through which...
The simple structure presents a minimal differentiation of units and few hierarchical levels, a vague division of labor and a very low formalization of behaviors. Fundamentally organic, and coordination is achieved through direct supervision. The power to make decisions...
Social perception is the study of social influences on perception. Keep in mind that the same qualities can produce different impressions as they interact with each other dynamically. When subjects engage in some way with judgment based on the first...
Max Weber (1864-1920) was the initiator of the systematic study of bureaucracy. His observations of the development of the bureaucracy and the formation of the conditions that contributed to it, such as the monetary economy, the emergence of the capitalist system, the industrial revolution, and the Protestant ethic,...
Murray (1938) is one of the basic authors in the development of motivational theories based on the study of the needs of the subjects. A need is a mental construct that represents a force, which organizes perception, apperception, intellection, connation, and action in a way....
Communication is an exchange of information and transmission of meanings and is the true essence of a social system or organization. The Consideration of the organization as an open system leads to its interaction with the environment from which it incorporates matter, energy and information. In this exchange...
It is based on the desire to be and appear to be a person with consistent attitudes and behaviors over time - In social persuasion, the The general strategy is to get the recipient to make a commitment first and to express it.
The group, the closest context of the individual in an organization, sifts the information that it receives, influences her behavior and it provides a good part of the motivations for his behavior. The individual is part of one or several groups within the organization and in them develops...
Power can be considered as: Part of the rational model that considers organizations as rational instruments to achieve certain collective purposes. (There are many cooperating individuals in the organization and spontaneous variability in individual behavior must be countered). The power...
Complexity refers to the multiplicity of structural units in which the members of an organization are grouped. Units that They can be established based on roles, positions, knowledge, functions, ranks, etc. The formation of these units occurs through a...
The five levels of conflict are intrapersonal (within an individual), interpersonal (between individuals), intragroup (within a group), intergroup (between groups) and intraorganizational (within organizations). Intrapersonal conflict, which occurs within an individual, often involves some...
The concept of cohesion, "has been created to explain relationships that occur in discourse... Cohesion refers to the pool of resources. that allow to link a sentence with those that have been presented before in the text "Halliday and Hasan (1976). These resources include specific morphosynthetic marks...
Social cognition is a subtopic of social psychology that focuses on how people process, store, and apply information about other people and social situations. It focuses on the role that cognitive processes play in our social interactions. The way we think...
The group, the closest context of the individual in an organization, sifts the information that it receives, influences her behavior and it provides a good part of the motivations for his behavior. The individual is part of one or several groups within the organization and in them develops...
There are more man-made events than natural ones. Half of the events affect a large number of people, they are collective. Faced with situations of risk, tension or change, due to both social and environmental factors, a series of collective behaviors are triggered....
We recipients have numerous mechanisms to avoid the influence of persuasive messages. As a general criterion, the higher It is the knowledge that the receiver has of the subject and the more articulated the knowledge is (the more force the attitude has), the more difficult it is to persuade him.
The relationship between psychology and law is very old, the first book on judicial psychology is from the 18th century. In the 20s it begins to emerge an interest of psychologists in the activity of lawyers. From here two currents arise: Legal psychology, which seeks to understand the roots...
If the organization has to deal with complex situations with complex tasks, a centralized structure is effective. It fits a structure bureaucratic if formalization is possible, based on the predictability of tasks. The appropriate structure must combine standardization with decentralization,...
When we refer to the concept of leadership, a powerful, strong figure capable of managing an entire group usually comes to mind. of people. From psychology, many authors have tried to define what leadership is and what characteristics make it up, however, it is an aspect that follows...
There are those who think of criminals as sick and maladjusted people who deserve rejection, and at the base of this is marginalization. Crime has been understood as a social problem, so our ancestors understood that it was necessary to create laws that discouraged carrying out these...
One of the most influential scholars of the organization, and the clearest representative of the humanistic approach to leadership is McGregor, who presented his theory in the book The Human Side of Enterprise (1960). In his theory, he classifies leaders based on 2 basic leadership styles:...
