Personality corresponds to the most stable part of a person's behavior. Although an individual may behave in different ways in different contexts, her behavior will tend to be more or less stable due to her personality traits.
The study of personality in psychology has a great historical journey. As a result of his study for so long, different theories about personality have been formulated. In the following Psychology-Online article, we present you different traits and personality types in psychology, obtained from different classifications and theories of personality (Costa and McCrae, Eysenck, Enneagram and Carl Gustav Jung).
Index
- Neurotic
- Extroverted
- Introverted
- Psychotic
- Responsable
- Kind
- Open to experience
- Idealistic
- Helper
- Organizer
- Artist
- Observer
- Collaborator
- Optimistic
- Boss
- Mediator
- Thoughtful or reflective
- Sentimental
- Sensory
- Intuitive
Neurotic
Neuroticism appears in the personality theories of Costa and McCrae and of Eysenck
Extraverted.
Extraversion is another of the personality types that appears in the theories of Costa and McCrae and Eysenck and, in addition, it has a special importance in Carl Gustav Jung's theory.
The extraversion trait refers to the tendency to seeking social stimulation and seeking opportunities to interact with others (Costa and McCrae, 1996; seen in Simkin, H., Etchezahar, E. and Ungaretti, J., 2012). They tend to show positive attitudes towards social relationships and are often energetic.
Introverted
Introverts, on the opposite extreme of extroversion, show themselves quieter, reserved and less participatory in social life (Costa and McCrae, 1996; seen in Simkin, H. et al, 2012). They are not shy people, but those who prefer, from their freedom, to restrict their social contacts and spend more time alone.
Do you want to know more about this type of personality? Know the Characteristics of an introvert.
Psychotic
Psychoticism is part of Eysenck's personality theory along with neuroticism and extraversion. When a person scores high in this dimension, it would result in the appearance of characteristics such as hostility, coldness, self-centeredness, impulsiveness, creativity, or rigidity among other.
Responsable.
In the five-factor model of Costa and McCrae (1996; seen in Simkin, H. et al, 2012), this personality type refers to the way in which a person can control, regulate and direct her impulses. People with high responsibility deliberately plan and persist in achieving their goals.
Kind.
Kindness is also one of the five factors of the Costa and McCrae model. This personality trait is related to social behavior. Kind people tend to show good interpersonal bonding skillsThey are altruistic and care about others.
Low scores in kindness correspond to people who tend to put their interests before those of others.
Open to experience.
Openness to experience is another of the personality traits included in Costa and McCrae's five-factor model.
Openness to experience gathers imaginative, creative, intellectually curious and sensitive to beauty (Costa and McCrae, 1996; seen in Simkin, H. et al, 2012). They are people who are more aware of their feelings, have a facility for symbolic thought and the possibility of abstraction, and are far removed from concrete experience.
Idealistic.
We enter into the personality types proposed by the enneagram, a system in which different enneatypes are presented that interact with each other. From this classification we use to expose this and the following eight types, based on the article by Núñez, C. and Serpa, A. (2016)
The predominantly idealistic personality type on the enneagram tends to pursue certain ideals, take care of the details and is focused on her goals. They tend to always bear in mind ethical criteria such as integrity, fairness, justice and truth.
Helper.
People in whom this enneatype predominates highly value social relationships and try to collaborate with others.
Organizer.
People who are more organized, creative, and dedicated to accomplishing their goals would stand out in this enneatype. This personality type also carries a good communication skills, which together with the characteristics previously described make them very important in situations of change and project implementation.
They can involve others in their own or joint achievement of objectives, which also presupposes a series of leadership and social skills. In these articles you will find information about What is leadership and the Leadership styles.
Artist.
What stands out in this enneatypical predominance is the different and creative way they see life. These are people who would feel very attracted by beauty, who value what is aesthetic and the desire for perfection.
In the article by Núñez, C. and Serpa, A. (2016), people with this type of personality are described as people with great emotional richness, sensitivity regarding the inner experiences and intuitive capacity through which they can capture what the people feel and think. the rest.
Observer.
Far from being the center of attention, predominantly observant people feel attraction for freedom and independence and they move away from the control of others or their dependence.
They are curious people who like to observe in order to learn from what they observe. They are critical and have good rating capabilities. They like to debate, especially with logic and objectivity, trying to get away from the subjectivity that their own emotions can bring, that they tend to repress.
Collaborator.
People with a predominance of collaborator show great responsibility and fidelity and they are compliant with the commitments they make. They promote participation and collaboration and respond to need for inclusion and belonging. They attach great importance to the feeling of belonging to groups, such as family.
Optimistic.
Optimistic people are vital and have great positive attitude. They are generally cheerful. Are rewarding, energetic experience seekers and seekers of new experiences and sensations.
Boss.
As with the "artist" enneatype, in this type, people do not necessarily play the role of bosses. The term refers to the possession of traits traditionally associated with the figure of the boss, such as strength and determination in what they do. Are action-oriented people.
Mediator.
The predominance of the measuring type is described as equanimous, calm, affable and balanced. They are people who tend to mediate in conflictive situations such as those that arise in the family environment. They are serene and pleasant, with good listening skills and tolerant.
Here you can see in detail The 9 personality types of the enneagram.
Thoughtful or reflective.
Carl Gustav Jung differentiates between extroverts and introverts. Within each of these groups, four types are distinguished (thinker or reflective, sentimental, sensory and intuitive), giving rise to eight personality types. Here we explain in detail the 8 personality types according to Jung. Following Etcharren, Y. (1991), we are going to conceptualize these eight personality types in this and the following four sections.
First of all, we can distinguish between:
- Introvert thinker: they are people in whom rational functions and interest in facts that lead to abstract thinking predominate. They have a tendency to innovate.
- Extraverted thinker: this type of personality shows a predominance of the ability to elaborate abstractions that arise from the ease that it shows to contact the external world.
Sentimental.
This personality trait is classified into:
- Introverted sentimentalThese are people in whom we find a predominance of axiological functions, with good capacity for concentration and apparent indifference.
- Extraverted sentimental: there is a predominance of emotional tone. They are communicative, sociable and adaptable people.
Sensory.
This personality type can be:
- Introverted sensory: perceptual functions and interest in concrete things predominate, the perception of which may be influenced by sensitivity. They are relatively maladjusted people.
- Extraverted sensory: observation predominates in this type.
Intuitive.
The intuitive personality can be:
- Intuitive introvert: here we find a predominance of extrasensory functions. They are imaginative people in whom we can find good artistic skills.
- Intuitive extrovert: these are people who are quick to grasp what is happening around them.
This article is merely informative, in Psychology-Online we do not have the power to make a diagnosis or recommend a treatment. We invite you to go to a psychologist to treat your particular case.
If you want to read more articles similar to Personality types in psychology, we recommend that you enter our category of Personality.
Bibliography
- Etcharren, Y. (1991). Carl Gustav Jung and the main conceptualizations of him. Chilean Journal of Humanities, 12. Pp 139-148
- Núñez, C. and Serpa, A. (2016) Approaches to personality types according to the enneagram. Psychemag, 4(1) pp 81-93
- Schmidt, V., Firpo, L., Vion, D., De Costa Oliván, M.E., Casella, L., Cuenya, L., Blum, G.D. and Pedrón, V. (2010) Eysenck's Psychobiological Model of Personality: a history projected into the future. International Journal of Psychology, 11 (2)
- Simkin, H., Etchezahar, E. and Ungaretti, J. (2012). Personality and self-esteem from the model and the theory of the five factors. Hologram 2(17) pp. 171-193
