When you talk about working day, refers to the time invested in performing certain work activities determined by an employer, from the which comes from a salary or salary established by the sum of accumulated hours either weekly, biweekly or monthly.
In most countries and according to the ILO (International Labor Organization), the hours of work that constitute a workday, are established up to a maximum of 40 hours per week. This number may vary according to the classification of the tasks assigned to the worker, considering various aspects that depend on the company and its productive activity.
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In this article you will find:
Definition of Working Hours
The working day It is defined as the calculation of time used by each worker to carry out his daily work activities, during the period for which he has been hired.
It should be emphasized that said time can be determined or indeterminate, according to the employment contract established between the employer and the worker.
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The assigned schedule must be respected by both parties, as previously established in the contract as working hours.
Importance of determining the working hours
The importance of establishing the working day, lies in the limits that it establishes, because when determining the working hours, the organization and classification of the tasks assigned to each worker is facilitated and allowed. In addition, it establishes the classification of the different schedules, since depending on the company and its activity, employees can be hired to work day, night, mixed, among others.
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On the other hand, it recognizes the worker the possibility of deciding at his convenience the provision of the service, it is Saying if the schedule is not convenient for you dispenses with the contract and if not, it is convenient for you, assumes the commitment.
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Types of working hours
Globally and according to the O.I.T there are around eight types of work day, namely:
Daytime work shift
This type of day is distinguished by assuming a maximum duration of eight hours per day, between the hours of 06:00 am and 08:00 pm. However, it may vary according to contractual agreements from 05:00 a.m. to 07:00 p.m., this can be modified depending on the region where the service provider comes from, taking into account the climatic conditions that surround. Each employer or businessman, according to his needs, can establish the hours of the day.
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Night work shift
It is distinguished from the daytime shift, since the time worked should not exceed 7 hours, and it is worked in the period between 07:00 and / or 08:00 pm until 05:00 am and / or 06:00 am, sometimes it can also be between 10:00 pm to 06:00 a.m.
Two shifts generally take off from this day, as follows:
- Fixed shift: During this period, the employer or chief of staff must establish the start of the day for the worker of according to a previously established schedule, but on a fixed or permanent basis, according to the needs of the organization.
- Variable shift: This shift becomes versatile, and is characterized by the assignment of tasks that the worker can perform on a flexible schedule, although previously stipulated in a contract. This shift occurs in companies with constant rotating production, generally companies related to the production of mass consumer goods, companies related to the hygiene and health sector, or companies that provide health services safety.
Mixed working day
This shift results from the mixture of tasks performed between the day shift and the night shift, by virtue of the fact that the worker has to work between those hours, however, It should be considered that you work up to a maximum of 7:30, as well as the nights should not exceed 3 hours and a half, in order to avoid changing from variable to working hours nocturnal.
Reduced working hours
Generally, it is a working day as a result of the circumstances surrounding the worker, a consequence of a physical condition or deterioration of health that could affect the strict compliance with their eight hours hours. Such circumstances lead to the worker in a situation of rest being reduced the hours so that he can solve his health situation and also can fulfill his tasks attributed.
Flexible working hours
It is proposed that employees enjoy greater flexibility in terms of their working hours, so that they have priority in the development of their personal, educational and recreational life.
This day is intended to encourage the worker, so that, having the opportunity to grow professionally and share with the family, among other activities, works more augustly, and can advance according to its needs and the requirements of the contracting company and even regional or regional production needs. each country. Which is extremely important considering the thriving progress of humanity and professional competence in work environments.
In this sense, a flexible schedule becomes that allows the worker to fulfill his work functions and satisfy his needs. In some cases, employers allow the worker to schedule their job functions based on of his academic activities, hoping in the future to be rewarded with the training of the employee.
Continuous work day
It is applied in activities where the productivity of the company must be continuous, in this sense set schedules with interruptions of just 15 to 30 minutes, just for snacks or feeding.
Split work day
It happens similar to the previous case, in this case the worker should not interrupt his activities either, he should only do it to feed himself, but the break will be at least one hour.
Shift work day
This type of day is presented in service companies such as health or manufacturing companies, in this case the day is assigned by schedules rotating, where workers rotate their schedules plus the activity of the company or service provider can not be interrupted at any time moment.
Hours of work
This modality is established by the employer, who hires human resources to work piecework or hourly work. They are not always followed and generally it is an agreement between the employee or worker and the Employer or employer.
